Alchemy is a 17th century science whose main objective is to discover a substance that reputedly could transmute base metals into gold. Called the Philosopher's Stone, this elusive substance was the subject of legend and dispute. Many scholars have attempted in vain to create this famous material, however, Nicolas Flamel, a French alchemist claimed to have successfully accomplished it. He lavished money on charities during his life and died a wealthy man, adding credence to his singular claim.