Throughout the 21st and 22nd centuries, crowding in arcologies and megaburbia eroded personal space. With thinner walls, smaller homes, and closer neighbors, socially rebellious behavior became dangerous and even illegal. Hi-tech companies turned their focus to new Mind Control technologies. Tested in prisons, the first Mind Controllers were described as "pacifiers" or "restraints"; using a special brain implant, it was administering either pleasure or pain to an individual in regard to the actions of that particular individual. By 2212, food riots in Bombay prompted the installation of a citywide mind control system. At long last, the government had made the people happy; on the negative side though, citizens became more concerned with meeting the criteria to be rewarded than acting rationally, which decresed overall productivity. Humanists were not too pleased either.